Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Ghafir -> Allah sends the Revelation to warn His Servants of the Day of Mutual Meeting |
Allah tells us of His might and pride, and that His Mighty Throne is raised above all of His creation like a roof. This is like the Ayah: ﴿ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط°ظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط¹ظژط§ط±ظگط¬ظگ - طھظژط¹ظ’ط±ظڈط¬ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظڈ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظڈظˆطظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگ ظپظگظ‰ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظچ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ‚ظ’ط¯ظژط§ط±ظڈظ‡ظڈ ط®ظژظ…ظ’ط³ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظژظ„ظ’ظپظژ ط³ظژظ†ظژط©ظچ ﴾ (From Allah, the Lord of the ways of ascent. The angels and the Ruh (Jibril) ascend to Him in a Day the measure whereof is fifty thousand years.) (70:3-4). If Allah wills, we will discuss below which is the most correct view the distance between the Throne and the seventh earth according to a group of earlier and later scholars. More than one scholar said that the Throne is made of red rubies. The width between two corners of it is the distance of a fifty thousand year long journey and its height above the seventh earth is the distance of a fifty thousand years long journey. ﴿ظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظڈظˆطظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظگظ‡ظگ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژط´ظژط¢ط،ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظ‡ظگ﴾ (He sends the revelation of His command to any of His servants He wills,) This is like the Ayat: ﴿ظٹظڈظ†ظژط²ظ‘ظگظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط±ظ‘ظڈظˆطظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظگظ‡ظگ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژط´ظژط¢ط،ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظ‡ظگ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ط°ظگط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ط§ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ€ظ‡ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ظ’ ظپظژط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ†ظگ ﴾ (He sends down the angels with the Ruh (revelation) of His command to whom of His servants He wills (saying): "Warn mankind that none has the right to be worshipped but I, so have Taqwa of Me.'') (16:2), and ﴿ظˆظژط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظژطھظژظ†ط²ظگظٹظ„ظڈ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ€ظ„ظژظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ - ظ†ظژط²ظژظ„ظژ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظڈظˆطظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ…ظگظٹظ†ظڈ - ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ‚ظژظ„ظ’ط¨ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگطھظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ†ظ’ط°ظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (And truly, this is a revelation from the Lord of all that exits, Which the trustworthy Ruh (Jibril) has brought down Upon your heart that you may be (one) of the warners.) (26:192-194) Allah says: ﴿ظ„ظگظٹظڈظ†ط°ظگط±ظژ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„طھظ‘ظژظ„ط§ظژظ‚ظگ﴾ (that he may warn (men) of the Day of Mutual Meeting.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said: "The Day of Mutual Meeting is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection, of which Allah warns His servants.'' That is the Day when everyone will find out about his deeds, good and bad. ﴿ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ظ‡ظڈظ… ط¨ظژظ€ط±ظگط²ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط®ظ’ظپظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط´ظژظ‰ظ’ط،ظŒ﴾ (The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah.) means, they will all appear in the open, with nothing to give them shelter or shade, or cover them. Allah says: ﴿ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ظ‡ظڈظ… ط¨ظژظ€ط±ظگط²ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط®ظ’ظپظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط´ظژظ‰ظ’ط،ظŒ﴾ (The Day when they will come out, nothing of them will be hidden from Allah.) meaning, everything will be equally known to Him. ﴿ظ„ظ‘ظگظ…ظژظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ„ظ’ظƒظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ظ„ظگظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظژطظگط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‡ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ﴾ (Whose is the kingdom this Day It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible!) We have already mentioned the Hadith of Ibn `Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, that Allah will roll up the heavens and the earth in His Hand and will say, آ«ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظگظƒظڈطŒ ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژط¨ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظڈطŒ ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈطھظژظƒظژط¨ظ‘ظگط±ظڈطŒ ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ظ…ظڈظ„ظڈظˆظƒظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط£ظژط±ظ’ط¶ظگطں ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژط¨ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژطں ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈطھظژظƒظژط¨ظ‘ظگط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژطںآ» ("I am the King, I am the Compeller, I am the Proud, where are the kings of the earth Where are the tyrants Where are the proud'') In the Hadith about the Trumpet, it says that Allah will take the souls of all of His creatures, and there will be none left but Him Alone, with no partner or associate. Then He will say, "Whose is the kingdom today'' three times, and He will answer Himself by saying, ﴿ظ„ظگظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظژطظگط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‡ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ﴾ (It is Allah's, the One, the Irresistible!) meaning, He is the Only One Who has subjugated all things. ﴿ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ طھظڈط¬ظ’ط²ظژظ‰ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظڈ ظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظچ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ ظƒظژظ€ط³ظژط¨ظژطھظ’ ظ„ط§ظژ ط¸ظڈظ„ظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ط³ظژط±ظگظٹط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’طظگط³ظژط§ط¨ظگ ﴾ (This Day shall every person be recompensed for what he earned. This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody). Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.) Here Allah tells us of His justice when He judges between His creation; He does not do even a speck of dust's weight of injustice, whether it be for good or for evil. For every good deed He gives a tenfold reward and for every bad deed He gives recompense of one bad deed. Allah says: ﴿ظ„ط§ظژ ط¸ظڈظ„ظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ﴾ (This Day no injustice (shall be done to anybody).) It was reported in Sahih Muslim from Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah said that Allah said: آ«ظٹظژط§ ط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظٹ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ طظژط±ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’طھظڈ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظ’ظ…ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظ‰ ظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظٹ ظˆظژط¬ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ’طھظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظڈطظژط±ظ‘ظژظ…ظ‹ط§ ظپظژظ„ظژط§ طھظژط¸ظژط§ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ ط¥ظ„ظ‰ ط£ظ† ظ‚ط§ظ„ ظٹظژط§ ط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظٹ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ظ‡ظگظٹظژ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظژط§ظ„ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظڈطظ’طµظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط«ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط£ظڈظˆظژظپظ‘ظگظٹظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگظٹظ‘ظژط§ظ‡ظژط§طŒ ظپظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظˆظژط¬ظژط¯ظژ ط®ظژظٹظ’ط±ظ‹ط§ ظپظژظ„ظ’ظٹظژطظ’ظ…ظژط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظژ طھظژط¨ظژط§ط±ظژظƒظژ ظˆظژطھظژط¹ظژط§ظ„ظژظ‰طŒ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظˆظژط¬ظژط¯ظژ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظژ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظپظژظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژظ„ظڈظˆظ…ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظ‘ظژط§ ظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظژظ‡آ» ("O My servants, I have forbidden injustice for Myself, and made it unlawful for you, so do not commit injustice to one another ...'') up to: ("O My servants, these are your deeds, I record them for you then I will recompense you for them. Whoever finds something good, let him give praise to Allah, and whoever finds something other than that, let him blame no one but himself.'') ﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ط³ظژط±ظگظٹط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’طظگط³ظژط§ط¨ظگ﴾ (Truly, Allah is swift in reckoning.) means, He will bring all His creation to account as if He is bringing just one person to account. This is like the Ayah: ﴿ظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط®ظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط«ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظƒظژظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظچ ظˆظژطظگط¯ظژط©ظچ﴾ (The creation of you all and the resurrection of you all are only as a single person) (31: 28). ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظڈظ†ظژط¢ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظˆظژطظگط¯ظژط©ظŒ ظƒظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’طظچ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژطµظژط±ظگ ﴾ (And Our commandment is but one as the twinkling of an eye.) (54:50) ﴿ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ط°ظگط±ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط²ظگظپظژط©ظگ ط¥ظگط°ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظڈ ظ„ظژط¯ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ†ظژط§ط¬ظگط±ظگ ظƒظژظ€ط¸ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظگظ„ط¸ظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ طظژظ…ظگظٹظ…ظچ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ط´ظژظپظگظٹط¹ظچ ظٹظڈط·ظژط§ط¹ظڈ - ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈ ط®ظژط¢ط¦ظگظ†ظژط©ظژ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط¹ظ’ظٹظڈظ†ظگ ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ طھظڈط®ظ’ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظڈط¯ظڈظˆط±ظڈ - ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظٹظژظ‚ظ’ط¶ظگظ‰ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظٹظژط¯ظ’ط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظگظ‡ظگ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژظ‚ظ’ط¶ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¨ظگط´ظژظ‰ظ’ط،ظچ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظگظٹط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژطµظگظٹط±ظڈ ﴾ (18. And warn them of the Day that is drawing near, when the hearts will be at the throats Kazimin. There will be no friend, nor an intercessor for the wrongdoers, who could be given heed to.) (19. Allah knows the fraud of the eyes, and all that the breasts conceal.) (20. And Allah judges with truth, while those to whom they invoke besides Him, cannot judge anything. Certainly, Allah! He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.)
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