Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-A'raf -> Among Allah's Signs, He sends down the Rain and brings forth the Produce

After Allah stated that He created the heavens and earth and that He is the Owner and Possessor of the affairs Who makes things subservient (for mankind), He ordained that He be invoked in Du`a', for He is able to do all things. Allah also stated that He is the Sustainer and He resurrects the dead on the Day of Resurrection. Here, Allah said that He sends the wind that spreads the clouds that are laden with rain. Allah said in another Ayah,

﴿ظˆظژظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ‡ظگ ط£ظژظ† ظٹظڈط±ظ’ط³ظگظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظگظٹظژظ€ط­ظژ ظ…ظڈط¨ظژط´ظ‘ظگط±ظژطھظچ﴾

(And among His signs is this, that He sends the winds with glad tidings) ﴿30:46﴾. Allah's statement,

﴿ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ظٹظژط¯ظژظ‰ظ’ ط±ظژط­ظ’ظ…ظژطھظگظ‡ظگ﴾

(going before His mercy) means, before the rain. Allah also said;

﴿ظˆظژظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ظٹظڈظ†ظژط²ظ‘ظگظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط«ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¯ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ظ‚ظژظ†ظژط·ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژظٹظژظ†ط´ظڈط±ظڈ ط±ظژط­ظ’ظ…ظژطھظژظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظژظ„ظگظ‰ظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط­ظژظ…ظگظٹط¯ظڈ ﴾

(And He it is Who sends down the rain after they have despaired, and spreads His mercy. And He is Al-Wali (the Guardian), Al-Hamid (the praiseworthy) ﴿42:28﴾ and,

﴿ظپظژط§ظ†ط¸ظڈط±ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط،ظژط§ط«ظژظ€ط±ظگ ط±ظژط­ظ’ظ…ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ظٹظڈط­ظ’ظ‰ظگ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظژ ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¯ظژ ظ…ظژظˆظ’طھظگظ‡ظژط¢ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظژظ…ظڈط­ظ’ظ‰ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظˆظ’طھظژظ‰ ظˆظژظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظگ ط´ظژظ‰ظ’ط،ظچ ظ‚ظژط¯ظگظٹط±ظŒ ﴾

(Look then at the results of Allah's mercy, how He revives the earth after its death. Verily, that ﴿is the one Who﴾ shall indeed raise the dead, and He is able to do all things) ﴿30:50﴾. Allah said next,

﴿ط­ظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ط¥ظگط°ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ‚ظژظ„ظ‘ظژطھظ’ ط³ظژط­ظژط§ط¨ظ‹ط§ ط«ظگظ‚ظژط§ظ„ط§ظ‹﴾

(Till when they have carried a heavy-laden cloud) when the wind carries clouds that are heavy with rain, and this is why these clouds are heavy, close to the earth, and their color is dark. Allah's statement,

﴿ط³ظڈظ‚ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظگط¨ظژظ„ظژط¯ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظژظٹظ‘ظگطھظچ﴾

(We drive it to a land that is dead) that is, a dry land that does not have any vegetation. This Ayah is similar to another Ayah,

﴿ظˆظژط،ظژط§ظٹظژط©ظŒ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظٹظ’طھظژط©ظڈ ط£ظژط­ظ’ظٹظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظژط§﴾

(And a sign for them is the dead land. We give it life) ﴿36:33﴾. This is why Allah said here,

﴿ظپظژط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ† ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظگ ط§ظ„ط«ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط±ظژطھظگ ظƒظژط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ†ظڈط®ظ’ط±ظگط¬ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظˆظ’طھظژظ‰﴾

(Then We produce every kind of fruit therewith. Similarly, We shall raise up the dead.) meaning, just as We bring life to dead land, We shall raise up the dead on the Day of Resurrection, after they have disintegrated. Allah will send down rain from the sky and the rain will pour on the earth for forty days. The corpses will then be brought up in their graves, just as the seeds become grow in the ground (on receiving rain). Allah often mentions this similarity in the Qur'an when He gives the example of what will happen on the Day of Resurrection, and bringing life to dead land,

﴿ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ طھظژط°ظژظƒظ‘ظژط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾

(so that you may remember or take heed.) Allah's statement,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژظ„ظژط¯ظڈ ط§ظ„ط·ظ‘ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¨ظڈ ظٹظژط®ظ’ط±ظڈط¬ظڈ ظ†ظژط¨ظژط§طھظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگط¥ظگط°ظ’ظ†ظگ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ﴾

(The vegetation of a good land comes forth (easily) by the permission of its Lord;) meaning, the good land produces its vegetation rapidly and proficiently. Allah said in another Ayah (about Maryam, mother of `Isa, peace be upon him);

﴿ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ط¨ظژطھظژظ‡ظژط§ ظ†ظژط¨ظژط§طھظ‹ط§ ط­ظژط³ظژظ†ظ‹ط§﴾

(He made her grow in a good manner.) ﴿3:37﴾ The Ayah continues,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ط®ظژط¨ظڈط«ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط®ظ’ط±ظڈط¬ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظ†ظژظƒظگط¯ظ‹ط§﴾

(and that which is bad, brings forth nothing but with difficulty.) Mujahid, and others such as As-Sibakh, etc. also said this. Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Musa said that the Messenger of Allah said,

آ«ظ…ظژط«ظژظ„ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط¹ظژط«ظژظ†ظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظگظ„ظ’ظ…ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈط¯ظژظ‰ ظƒظژظ…ظژط«ظژظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط«ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط«ظگظٹط±ظگ ط£ظژطµظژط§ط¨ظژ ط£ظژط±ظ’ط¶ظ‹ط§ ظپظژظƒظژط§ظ†ظژطھظ’ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ظ†ظژظ‚ظگظٹظ‘ظژط©ظŒ ظ‚ظژط¨ظگظ„ظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط§ط،ظژ ظپظژط£ظژظ†ظ’ط¨ظژطھظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ„ظژط£ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط´ظ’ط¨ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط«ظگظٹط±ظژ ظˆظژظƒظژط§ظ†ظژطھظ’ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط£ظژط¬ظژط§ط¯ظگط¨ظڈ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط³ظژظƒظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط§ط،ظژ ظپظژظ†ظژظپظژط¹ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط³ظژ ظپظژط´ظژط±ظگط¨ظڈظˆط§ ظˆظژط³ظژظ‚ظژظˆظ’ط§ ظˆظژط²ظژط±ظژط¹ظڈظˆط§ ظˆظژط£ظژطµظژط§ط¨ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط·ظژط§ط¦ظگظپظژط©ظ‹ ط£ظڈط®ظ’ط±ظژظ‰ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ظ‡ظگظٹظژ ظ‚ظگظٹط¹ظژط§ظ†ظŒ ظ„ظژط§ طھظڈظ…ظ’ط³ظگظƒظڈ ظ…ظژط§ط،ظ‹ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ طھظڈظ†ظ’ط¨ظگطھظڈ ظƒظژظ„ظژط£ظ‹طŒ ظپظژط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ…ظژط«ظژظ„ظڈ ظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظپظژظ‚ظڈظ‡ظژ ظپظگظٹ ط¯ظگظٹظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظ†ظژظپظژط¹ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط¹ظژط«ظژظ†ظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظپظژط¹ظژظ„ظگظ…ظژ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظژ ظˆظژظ…ظژط«ظژظ„ظڈ ظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط±ظ’ظپظژط¹ظ’ ط¨ظگط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ط±ظژط£ظ’ط³ظ‹ط§ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژظ‚ظ’ط¨ظژظ„ظ’ ظ‡ظڈط¯ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹ ط£ظڈط±ظ’ط³ظگظ„ظ’طھظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡آ»

(The parable of the guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is that of an abundant rain falling on a land, some of which was fertile soil that absorbed rain water and brought forth vegetation and grass in abundance. And another portion of it was hard and held the rain water; and Allah benefited the people with it, they utilized it for drinking, making their animals drink from it, and for irrigation of the land for cultivation. And a portion of it was barren which could neither hold the water nor bring forth vegetation. The first is the example of the person who comprehends Allah's religion and gets benefit which Allah sent me with, by learnign and teaching others. The last example is that of a person who does not care for it and does not accept the guidance Allah sent me with.)

﴿ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط£ظژط±ظ’ط³ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ†ظڈظˆط­ظ‹ط§ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگظ‡ظگ ظپظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظٹظژظ€ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ط§ط¹ظ’ط¨ظڈط¯ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ… ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ€ظ‡ظچ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظ‰ ط£ظژط®ظژط§ظپظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظژ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظچ ط¹ظژط¸ظگظٹظ…ظچ - ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ط£ ظ…ظگظ† ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژط§ ظ„ظژظ†ظژط±ظژط§ظƒظژ ظپظگظٹ ط¶ظژظ„ظژظ€ظ„ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¨ظگظٹظ†ظچ - ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظٹظژظ€ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظ„ظژظٹظ’ط³ظژ ط¨ظگظ‰ ط¶ظژظ„ظژظ€ظ„ظژط©ظŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژظƒظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط±ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ€ظ„ظژظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ - ط£ظڈط¨ظژظ„ظ‘ظگط؛ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط±ظگط³ظژظ€ظ„ظ€طھظگ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†طµظژط­ظڈ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط£ظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ظ„ط§ظژ طھظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾

(59. Indeed, We sent Nuh to his people and he said: "O my people! Worship Allah! You have no other god but Him. Certainly, I fear for you the torment of a Great Day!'') (60. The leaders of his people said: "Verily, we see you in plain error.'') (61. ﴿Nuh﴾ said: "O my people! There is no error in me, but I am a Messenger from the Lord of all that exists!) (62. I convey unto you the Messages of my Lord and give sincere advice to you. And I know from Allah what you know not.'')