Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-A'raf -> Allah describes the way the disbelievers answered His Prophet Shu`ayb and those who believed in him, by threatening them with expulsion from their village, or with forceful reversion to the disbeliever's religion. |
The chiefs spoke the words mentioned here to the Messenger Shu`ayb, but intended it for those who followed his religion too. The statement, ﴿ط£ظژظˆظژظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظƒظڈظ†ظ‘ظژط§ ظƒظژظ€ط±ظگظ‡ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ ("Even though we hate it''), means, would you force us to do that, even though we hate what you are calling us to Certainly if we revert to your religion and accept your ways, we will have uttered a tremendous lie against Allah by calling partners as rivals to Him, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظٹظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظڈ ظ„ظژظ†ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژط¹ظڈظˆط¯ظژ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط¢ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژظ† ظٹظژط´ظژط¢ط،ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظڈظ†ظژط§﴾ (And it is not for us to return to it unless Allah, our Lord, should will.) This part of the Ayah refers all matters to Allah's will, and certainly, He has perfect knowledge of all matters and His observation encompasses all things, ﴿ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ طھظژظˆظژظƒظ‘ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§﴾ (In Allah (Alone) we put our trust. ), concerning all our affairs, what we practice of them and what we ignore, ﴿ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظژظ†ظژط§ ط§ظپظ’طھظژطظ’ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظژط§ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظگ﴾ (Our Lord! Judge between us and our people in truth) judge between us and our people and give us victory over them, ﴿ظˆظژط£ظژظ†طھظژ ط®ظژظٹظ’ط±ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظپظژظ€طھظگطظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (for You are the best of those who give judgment) and You are the Most Just Who never wrongs any in His judgment. ﴿ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ط£ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگظ‡ظگ ظ„ظژط¦ظگظ†ظگ ط§طھظ‘ظژط¨ظژط¹ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگط°ط§ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظژط®ظژظ€ط³ظگط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ - ظپظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژطھظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژط¬ظ’ظپظژط©ظڈ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ط¨ظژطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط¯ظژط§ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ€ط«ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ - ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ظƒظژط£ظژظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط؛ظ’ظ†ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظژظ€ط³ظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (90. The chiefs of those who disbelieved among his people said (to their people): "If you follow Shu`ayb, be sure then you will be the losers!'') (91. So the earthquake seized them and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes.) (92. Those who belied Shu`ayb, became as if they had never dwelt there (in their homes). Those who belied Shu`ayb, they were the losers.) Allah describes the enormity of disbelief, rebellion, transgression and misguidance (of Shu`ayb's people) and the defiance of truth encrypted in their hearts. They vowed, saying, ﴿ظ„ظژط¦ظگظ†ظگ ط§طھظ‘ظژط¨ظژط¹ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگط°ط§ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظژط®ظژظ€ط³ظگط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾ ("If you follow Shu`ayb, be sure then you will be the losers!'') Allah answered them, ﴿ظپظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژطھظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژط¬ظ’ظپظژط©ظڈ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ط¨ظژطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظپظگظٹ ط¯ظژط§ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ€ط«ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (So the earthquake seized them and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes) Allah said that the earthquake shook them, as punishment for threatening to expel Shu`ayb and his followers. Allah mentioned their end again in Suah Hud, ﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط¬ظژط¢ط،ظژ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظڈظ†ظژط§ ظ†ظژط¬ظ‘ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظژط¹ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگط±ظژطظ’ظ…ظژط©ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ‘ظژط§ ظˆظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط¸ظژظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظٹظ’طظژط©ظڈ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ط¨ظژطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط¯ظگظٹظژظ€ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ€ط«ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (And when Our commandment came, We saved Shu`ayb and those who believed with him by a mercy from Us. And the Sayhah (loud cry) seized the wrongdoers, and they lay (dead) prostrate in their homes.) ﴿11:94﴾ This Ayah mentions the Sayhah (cry) that struck them after they mocked Shu`ayb, saying, ﴿ط£ظژطµظژظ„ظژظˆظژطھظڈظƒظژ طھظژط£ظ’ظ…ظڈط±ظڈظƒظژ﴾ (Does your Salah (prayer) command you...) so it was befitting to mention here the cry that made them silence. In Surat Ash-Shu`ara', Allah said, ﴿ظپظژظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ظپظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظڈ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظ‘ظژط©ظگ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظژ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظچ ط¹ظژط¸ظگظٹظ…ظچ ﴾ (But they belied him, so the torment of the Day of Shadow (a gloomy cloud) seized them. Indeed that was the torment of a Great Day) ﴿26:189﴾ because they challenged Shu`ayb, ﴿ظپظژط£ظژط³ظ’ظ‚ظگط·ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظƒظگط³ظژظپط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط¢ط،ظگ﴾ ("So cause a piece of the heaven to fall on us, if you are of the truthful!'') ﴿26:187﴾. Therefore, Allah stated that each of these forms of punishment struck them on the Day of the Shadow. First, ﴿ظپظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظڈ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظ‘ظژط©ظگ﴾ (So the torment of the Day of Shadow (a gloomy cloud) seized them) ﴿26:189﴾ when a gloomy cloud came over them (containing) fire, flames and a tremendous light. Next, a cry from the sky descended on them and a tremor shook them from beneath. Consequently, their souls were captured, their lives were taken and their bodies became idle, ﴿ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ط¨ظژطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظپظگظٹ ط¯ظژط§ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ€ط«ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (and they lay (dead), prostrate in their homes). Allah said next, ﴿ظƒظژط£ظژظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط؛ظ’ظ†ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط¢﴾ (They became as if they had never dwelt there) meaning, after the torment seized them, it looked as if they never dwelled in the land from which they wanted to expel their Messenger Shu`ayb and his followers. Here, Allah refuted their earlier statement, ﴿ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط´ظڈط¹ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظژظ€ط³ظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (Those who belied Shu`ayb, they were the losers.) ﴿ظپظژطھظژظˆظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظٹظژظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط£ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظژط؛ظ’طھظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط±ظگط³ظژظ€ظ„ظژظ€طھظگ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظژطµظژطظ’طھظڈ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ط،ظژط§ط³ظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظچ ظƒظژظ€ظپظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (93. Then he (Shu`ayb) turned from them and said: "O my people! I have indeed conveyed my Lord's Messages unto you and I have given you good advice. Then how can I grieve over people who are disbelievers.'') Prophet Shu`ayb, peace be upon him, turned away from his people after the torment, punishment and destruction struck them, admonishing and censuring them by saying to them, ﴿ظٹظژظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط£ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظژط؛ظ’طھظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط±ظگط³ظژظ€ظ„ظژظ€طھظگ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظژطµظژطظ’طھظڈ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’﴾ ("O my people! I have indeed conveyed my Lord's Messages unto you and I have given you good advice.'') Shu`ayb said, I have conveyed to you what I was sent with, so I will not feel any sorrow for you since you disbelieved in what I brought you, ﴿ظپظژظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ط،ظژط§ط³ظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظچ ظƒظژظ€ظپظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ ("Then how can I grieve over pepple who are disbelievers'') ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژط±ظ’ط³ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظپظگظ‰ ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژط©ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژط¨ظگظ‰ظ‘ظچ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژط®ظژط°ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظژظ‡ظژط§ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژط£ظ’ط³ظژط¢ط،ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط¶ظ‘ظژط±ظ‘ظژط¢ط،ظگ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط¶ظ‘ظژط±ظ‘ظژط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ - ط«ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط¨ظژط¯ظ‘ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظژظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¦ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژط³ظژظ†ظژط©ظژ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظپظژظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظ‘ظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظ…ظژط³ظ‘ظژ ط،ظژط§ط¨ظژط§ط،ظژظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط¶ظ‘ظژط±ظ‘ظژط¢ط،ظڈ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژط±ظ‘ظژط¢ط،ظڈ ظپظژط£ظژط®ظژط°ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¨ظژط؛ظ’طھظژط©ظ‹ ظˆظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط´ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (94. And We sent no Prophet unto any town (and they denied him), but We seized its people with Ba'sa' and Darra', so that they might humble themselves (to Allah).) (95. Then We changed the evil for the good, until they `Afaw (increased), and said: "Our fathers were touched with evil and with good.'' So We seized them all of a sudden while they were unaware.)
|