Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah At-Taubah -> Hypocrites try to kill the Prophet |
Allah said next, ﴿ظˆظژظ‡ظژظ…ظ‘ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژظ†ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’﴾ (and they resolved that which they were unable to carry out) It was said that this Ayah was revealed about Al-Julas bin Suwayd, who tried to kill his wife's son when he said he would inform the Messenger of Allah ﴿about Al-Julas' statement we mentioned earlier﴾. It was also said that it was revealed in the case of `Abdullah bin Ubayy who plotted to kill the Messenger of Allah . As-Suddi said, "This verse was revealed about some men who wanted to crown `Abdullah bin Ubayy even if the Messenger of Allah did not agree. ,It was reported that some hypocrites plotted to kill the Prophet , while he was at the battle of Tabuk, riding one night. They were a group of more than ten men. Ad-Dahhak said, "This Ayah was revealed about them.'' In his book, Dala'il An-Nubuwah, Al-Hafiz Abu Bakr Al-Bayhaqi recorded that Hudhayfah bin Al-Yaman said, "I was holding the bridle of the Messenger's camel while `Ammar was leading it, or vise versa. When we reached Al-`Aqabah, twelve riders intercepted the Prophet . When I alerted the Messenger , he shouted at them and they all ran away. The Messenger of Allah asked us, آ«ظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ط¹ظژط±ظژظپظ’طھظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژطںآ» (Did you know who they were) We said, `No, O Allah's Messenger! They had masks However, we know their horses.' He said, آ«ظ‡ط¤ظڈظ„ظژط§ط،ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ†ظژط§ظپظگظ‚ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظٹظژط§ظ…ظژط©ظگ ظˆظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ طھظژط¯ظ’ط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ط£ظژط±ظژط§ط¯ظڈظˆط§طںآ» (They are the hypocrites until the Day of Resurrection. Do you know what they intended) We said, `No.' He said, آ«ط£ظژط±ظژط§ط¯ظڈظˆط§ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ظٹظڈط²ظژط§طظگظ…ظڈظˆط§ ط±ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ظژ ط§ظگظ„ظ„ظ‡ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ‚ظژط¨ظژط©ظگ ظپظژظٹظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§آ» (They wanted to mingle with the Messenger of Allah and throw him from the `Aqabah (to the valley).) We said, `O Allah's Messenger! Should you ask their tribes to send the head of each one of them to you' He said, آ«ظ„ظژط§. ط£ظژظƒظ’ط±ظژظ‡ظڈ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ طھظژطھظژطظژط¯ظ‘ظژط«ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط±ظژط¨ظڈ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ‡ظژط§ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظڈطظژظ…ظ‘ظژط¯ظ‹ط§ ظ‚ظژط§طھظژظ„ظژ ط¨ظگظ‚ظژظˆظ…ظچ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط£ظژط¸ظ’ظ‡ظژط±ظژظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط£ظژظ‚ظ’ط¨ظژظ„ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¨ظگظ‚ظژطھظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط«ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط§ط±ظ’ظ…ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظڈط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ„ظژط©آ» (No, for I hate that the Arabs should say that Muhammad used some people in fighting and when Allah gave him victory with their help, he commanded that they be killed.) He then said, (O Allah! Throw the Dubaylah at them.) We asked, `What is the Dubaylah, O Allah's Messenger' He said, آ«ط´ظگظ‡ظژط§ط¨ظŒ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ظ†ظژط§ط±ظچ ظٹظژظ‚ظژط¹ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ†ظگظٹظژط§ط·ظگ ظ‚ظژظ„ظ’ط¨ظگ ط£ظژطظژط¯ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظپظژظٹظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظگظƒآ» (A missile of fire that falls on the heart of one of them and brings about his demise.)'' Abu At-Tufayl said, "Once, there was a dispute between Hudhayfah and another man, who asked him, `I ask you by Allah, how many were the Companions of Al-`Aqabah' The people said to Hudhayfah, `Tell him, for he asked you.' Hudhayfah said, `We were told that they were fourteen men, unless you were one of them, then the number is fifteen! I testify by Allah that twelve of them are at war with Allah and His Messenger in this life and when the witness comes forth for witness. Three of them were pardoned, for they said, `We did not hear the person whom the Messenger sent to announce something, and we did not know what the people had plotted,' for the Prophet had been walking when he said, آ«ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط§ط،ظژ ظ‚ظژظ„ظگظٹظ„ظŒ ظپظژظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژط³ظ’ط¨ظگظ‚ظ’ظ†ظگظٹ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگ ط£ظژطظژط¯آ» (Water is scarce, so none among you should reach it before me.) When he found that some people had reached it before him, he cursed them.''' `Ammar bin Yasir narrated in a Hadith collected by Muslim, that Hudhayfah said to him that the Prophet said, آ«ظپظگظٹ ط£ظژطµظ’طظژط§ط¨ظگظٹ ط§ط«ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط¹ظژط´ظژط±ظژ ظ…ظڈظ†ظژط§ظپظگظ‚ظ‹ط§ ظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژط¯ظ’ط®ظڈظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژظ†ظ‘ظژط©ظژ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژط¬ظگط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط±ظگظٹطظژظ‡ظژط§ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ظٹظژظ„ظگط¬ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژظ…ظژظ„ظڈ ظپظگظٹ ط³ظژظ…ظ‘ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظگظٹظژط§ط·ظگ: ط«ظژظ…ظژط§ظ†ظگظٹظژط©ظŒ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ طھظژظƒظ’ظپظگظٹظƒظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظڈط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ„ظژط©ظڈ ط³ظگط±ظژط§ط¬ظŒ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ظ†ظژط§ط±ظچ ظٹظژط¸ظ’ظ‡ظژط±ظڈ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط£ظژظƒظ’طھظژط§ظپظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ظٹظژظ†ظ’ط¬ظڈظ…ظژ ظپظگظٹ طµظڈط¯ظڈظˆط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…آ» (Among my Companions are twelve hypocrites who will never enter Paradise or find its scent, until the camel enters the thread of the needle. Eight of them will be struck by the Dubaylah, which is a missile made of fire that appears between their shoulders and pierces their chest.) This is why Hudhayfah was called the holder of the secret, for he knew who these hypocrites were, since the Messenger of Allah gave their names to him and none else. Allah said next, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظ†ظژظ‚ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژط؛ظ’ظ†ظژط§ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژط±ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظگظ† ظپظژط¶ظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگ﴾ (and they could not find any cause to do so except that Allah and His Messenger had enriched them of His bounty.) This Ayah means, the Messenger did not commit an error against them, other than that Allah has enriched them on account of the Prophet's blessed and honorable mission! And had Allah guided them to what the Prophet came with, they would have experienced its delight completely. The Prophet once said to the Ansar, آ«ط£ظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط¬ظگط¯ظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¶ظڈظ„ظ‘ظژط§ظ„ظ‹ط§ ظپظژظ‡ظژط¯ظژط§ظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظٹطŒ ظˆظژظƒظڈظ†ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظڈطھظژظپظژط±ظگظ‚ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظپظژط£ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظپظژظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظٹطŒ ظˆظژط¹ظژط§ظ„ظژط©ظ‹ ظپظژط£ظژط؛ظ’ظ†ظژط§ظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظٹآ» (Have I not found you misguided and Allah guided you through me, divided and Allah united you through me, and poor and Allah enriched you through me) Whenever the Messenger asked them a question, they replied, "Allah and His Messenger have granted the favor.'' This type of statement, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظ†ظژظ‚ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ط£ظژظ† ظٹظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ﴾ (And they had no fault except that they believed in Allah...), is uttered when there is no wrong committed. Allah called the hypocrites to repent, ﴿ظپظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژطھظڈظˆط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظژظƒظڈ ط®ظژظٹظ’ط±ط§ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژطھظژظˆظژظ„ظ‘ظژظˆظ’ط§ ظٹظڈط¹ظژط°ظ‘ظگط¨ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظ‹ط§ ط£ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظ‹ط§ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ’ظٹظژط§ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط®ظگط±ظژط©ظگ﴾ (If then they repent, it will be better for them, but if they turn away; Allah will punish them with a painful torment in this worldly life and in the Hereafter.) The Ayah says, if they persist on their ways, Allah will inflict a painful torment on them in this life, by killing, sadness and depression, and in the Hereafter with torment, punishment, disgrace and humiliation, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ظ…ظگظ† ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ظچ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ظ†ظژطµظگظٹط±ظچ﴾ (And there is none for them on earth as a protector or a helper.) who will bring happiness to them, aid them, bring about benefit or fend off harm. ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظژظ†ظ’ ط¹ظژظ€ظ‡ظژط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ظژط¦ظگظ†ظ’ ط،ط§طھظژظ€ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ† ظپظژط¶ظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ظ„ظژظ†ظژطµظ‘ظژط¯ظ‘ظژظ‚ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ†ظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگطظگظٹظ†ظژ - ظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط¢ ط،ظژط§طھظژط§ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظپظژط¶ظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ط¨ظژط®ظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژطھظژظˆظژظ„ظ‘ظژظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¹ظ’ط±ظگط¶ظڈظˆظ†ظژ - ظپظژط£ظژط¹ظ’ظ‚ظژط¨ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ†ظگظپظژط§ظ‚ط§ظ‹ ظپظگظ‰ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظٹظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ†ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژط®ظ’ظ„ظژظپظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ظˆظژط¹ظژط¯ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظژظƒظ’ط°ظگط¨ظڈظˆظ†ظژ - ط£ظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈ ط³ظگط±ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ†ظژط¬ظ’ظˆظژط§ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ€ظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظڈظٹظڈظˆط¨ظگ ﴾ (75. And of them are some who made a covenant with Allah (saying): "If He bestowed on us of His bounty, we will verily, give Sadaqah and will be certainly among the righteous.'') (76. Then when He gave them of His bounty, they became stingy, and turned away, averse.) (77. So He punished them by putting hypocrisy into their hearts till the Day whereon they shall meet Him, because they broke that (covenant) with Allah which they had promised to Him and because they used to tell lies.) (78. Know they not that Allah knows their secret ideas, and their Najwa (secret counsels), and that Allah is the All-Knower of things unseen.)
|